Mercedes-Benz, galimoto yoyamba yodziwika bwino ndi injini ya petulo, inabadwa mu 1886. Galimotoyi inabadwa m'manja mwa katswiri wa ku Germany Karl Benz (inde, Benz yemweyo wochokera ku Mercedes-Benz). Kusintha kwa mafakitale kumeneku sikukanatheka kwa Mercedes-Benz popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa arc, komwe kunapangidwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mafakitale opangira magalimoto ndi owotcherera adalumikizidwa kosatha, ngati mbale ziwiri zachitsulo zomata matako pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya TIG.
Tikudutsa nthawi yosangalatsa pomwe zida zowotcherera zikupita patsogolo kwambiri. — Greg Coleman
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, anthu amangotha ​​kujowina zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakale komanso zovutirapo zophatikizira kutenthetsa ndi kugogoda zitsulo mpaka zitalumikizana. M’zaka za m’ma 1860, Mngelezi wina dzina lake Wilde anayamba kulumikiza mwadala zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa magetsi. Mu 1865, adalandira chilolezo cha "electric arc" ndondomeko, zomwe sizinakondweretse asayansi mpaka 1881, pamene adapanga nyali zam'misewu ndi carbon arc. Giniyo itatuluka mu botolo, kunalibe kubwerera, ndipo makampani ngati Lincoln Electric adalowa mu bizinesi yowotcherera mu 1907.
Seputembara 1927 - Paipi ya Ramkin Hodge Kukonzekera kuyika malire omaliza a kulumikiza belu kupita ku casing paipi ya gasi yachilengedwe iyi ya mainchesi 8 yomwe imanyamula gasi wachilengedwe kuchokera ku Ramkin, Louisiana, kupita ku Hodge, Louisiana. Inali imodzi mwa mipope yayikulu yoyamba kuwotchedwa arc ndipo zida za Lincoln zokha zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchitoyi.
Kampani ya Lincoln Electric ya ku Cleveland, Ohio inayamba kupanga ma motors amagetsi mu 1895. Pofika m'chaka cha 1907, Lincoln Electric anali atapanga makina owotcherera a DC omwe amayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Woyambitsa John S. Lincoln anayambitsa kampaniyo ndi ndalama zokwana madola 200 kuti apange ma motors amagetsi a mapangidwe ake.
1895: John C. Lincoln anayambitsa Lincoln Electric Company kupanga ndi kugulitsa ma motors amagetsi a mapangidwe ake.
1917: Lincoln Electric Welding School inakhazikitsidwa. Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1917, sukuluyi yaphunzitsa ophunzira opitilira 100,000.
1933: The Lincoln Electric Company inafalitsa buku loyamba la Arc Welding Design and Manufacturing Process Manual kuti makasitomala athe kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera arc moyenera. Masiku ano, amatchedwa "Bible of Welding".
1977: Malo opangira ma electrode anatsegulidwa ku Mentor, Ohio, USA kuti apange zinthu zopangira mawaya.
2005: Lincoln Electric imapeza JW Harris Corporation, mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse wa ogulitsa, kukulitsa luso la kampani ndikuthandizira mzere wake wazogulitsa.
Mng'ono wake wa John C., James F. Lincoln, adalowa mu kampani ngati wogulitsa mu 1907, panthawi yomwe mzere wa malonda unali utakula ndikuphatikizapo ma charger a galimoto yamagetsi. Mu 1909, abale a Lincoln adamanga koyamba zida zowotcherera. Mu 1911, Lincoln Electric adayambitsa makina owotcherera a AC oyamba padziko lonse lapansi.
Greg Coleman, yemwe ndi mkulu wa malonda a malonda a Lincoln Electric, adalongosola kusiyana pakati pa abale awiri a Lincoln. "John C. ndi injiniya ndi woyambitsa yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chambiri pakupanga magetsi ku Cleveland. James F., kumbali ina, ndi wogulitsa wachikoka yemwe adasewera timu ya mpira wa Ohio State yomwe sanagonjetse. Kapteni wa timu yachiwiri." Ngakhale kuti abale amasiyana makhalidwe awo, iwo ali ndi mtima wofuna kuchita bizinesi.
Posankha kuika maganizo pa kafukufuku wa sayansi, John S. Lincoln anapereka ulamuliro wa kampaniyo kwa mng'ono wake James F. Lincoln mu 1914. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, James F. anayambitsa piecework ndikukhazikitsa komiti yolangizira antchito, yomwe inaphatikizapo oimira osankhidwa kuchokera ku dipatimenti iliyonse. , ndipo amakumana milungu iwiri iliyonse kuyambira pamenepo. Pofika m'chaka cha 1915, mukupita patsogolo kwa nthawiyo, ogwira ntchito ku Lincoln Electric adalembetsa m'gulu la inshuwalansi ya moyo. Lincoln Electric anali amodzi mwamakampani oyamba kupereka mapindu a antchito ndi mabonasi olimbikitsira.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 100, Ohio inali malo ambiri amalonda a magalimoto. Kuchokera ku Grant Motor Company ndi Standard Oil kupita ku Allen Motor Company, Willis Company, Templar Motor Company, Studebaker-Garford, Arrow Cyclecar ndi Sandusky Motor Company, Ohio zinkawoneka ngati pakati pa zochitika zamagalimoto kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Kubwera kwamakampani opanga magalimoto, zinthu zonse zamafakitale zimathandizira ndikukulitsa bizinesi yamagalimoto yomwe yangoyamba kumene.
Ngakhale zaka 69 zapitazo, owotcherera anali ndi chidwi ndi zipewa zokhala ndi zithunzi zakuthwa. Onani chisoti chozizira cha 1944 cha "Voodoo".
James F. Lincoln ankadziwa kuti alangizi adzakhala ndi chidwi chokhalitsa pa owotcherera mtsogolo. "Ankafuna kuti owotcherera ophunzitsidwa azikumbukira dzina la Lincoln penapake," adatero Coleman. Kupangidwa kwa Lincoln Electric Welding School chinali chiyambi cha maphunziro. Pofika chaka cha 2010, anthu opitilira 100,000 aphunzitsidwa kuwotcherera pakampaniyo.
"James Lincoln anali wamasomphenya weniweni," adatero Coleman. "Analemba mabuku atatu ndikuyala maziko a mfundo zoyendetsera zolimbikitsa zomwe zilipobe mpaka pano."
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yake yoyang'anira ndi maphunziro, James Lincoln ndi mtsogoleri yemwe amalimbikitsa chikhalidwe chamakampani chomwe chimamvera zovuta za antchito. "Nthawi zonse timayesetsa kuchepetsa zinyalala, kuchepetsa ndalama komanso kukonza chitetezo kwa aliyense amene akhudzidwa ndi Lincoln Electric. Ambiri mwa malingalirowa amachokera kwa antchito athu. Ngakhale lero, patapita nthaŵi yaitali abale a Lincoln atachoka, tikupitirizabe kukhala malo amene nkhaŵa za antchito zimamveketsedwa ndi kulandiridwa.”
Monga nthawi zonse, Lincoln Electric imayendera limodzi ndi kusintha kwa nkhope yowotcherera, ndikukankhira njira yophunzirira mopitilira. Maphunziro akhala gawo lofunikira la mbiri ya Lincoln. “Pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo, tinagwira ntchito ndi kampani yowona zenizeni zenizeni kuti tipange malo olondola otengera zomwe zingachitike powotcherera. The VRTEX virtual reality arc welding simulator imatsanzira molondola mawonekedwe ndi kumveka kwa kuwotcherera. "
Malinga ndi Coleman, "Dongosolo limakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe mukuwotcherera. Imayesa ngodya, liwiro ndi kufikira kuti iwunikire weld. Zonsezi zimachitika popanda kuwononga zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Palibenso chofunikira panthawi yoyeserera. Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo, gasi ndi waya wowotcherera. ”
Lincoln Electric imalimbikitsa maphunziro a zenizeni zenizeni monga chothandizira ku maphunziro enieni mu malo ogulitsira zowotcherera kapena malo ogwirira ntchito ndipo sayenera kutengedwa ngati m'malo mwa njira zophunzitsira zachikhalidwe.
Mu May 1939, Exhibitor Services of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania anagula Lincoln SA-150. Apa, wowotcherera akugwira ntchito pa chimango cha 20-foot chopezedwa m'galimoto yoyaka. SA-150 idadzilipira yokha sabata yake yoyamba m'masitolo, kampaniyo idatero.
Machitidwe a VRTEX akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri ndi mafakitale ambiri osiyanasiyana m'malo omwe alipo monga njira yopulumutsira ndalama panthawi ya maphunziro. Coleman anafotokoza kuti chipangizocho sichimangophunzira bwino njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera, komanso zimayesa zowotcherera. “Dongosololi litha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti wowotcherera akudziwa bwino njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zilizonse, kampaniyo imatha kuona ngati wowotcherayo angachite zomwe wanena.”
Lincoln Electric akugwira ntchito yowotcherera arc, ndipo "izo sizisintha," adatero Coleman. "Tipitiliza kukulitsa luso lathu lowotcherera ma arc ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito."
"Timakhudzidwa ndi njira zambiri zaposachedwa, monga kuwotcherera kwa fiber optic hybrid laser, komwe kugwiritsa ntchito zowotcherera kumasungidwa panthawiyi," akufotokoza Coleman. Zigawo zatsopano popanga kuti zithandizire kukana abrasion zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonzanso malo owonongeka. ”
Kuphatikiza pa kuwotcherera kwa laser, Coleman adalankhulanso nafe za ntchito yamakampani pakudula zitsulo. "Tapeza zinthu zolimba monga Torchmate. Kwa zaka zopitilira 30, makina odulira a Torchmate CNC apereka matebulo odula a CNC a plasma ndi njira zina zodzipangira okha kwa opanga padziko lonse lapansi.
Lincoln Electric adapezanso Harris Thermal mu 1990s. Harris Calorific ndi mpainiya wowotcherera gasi ndi kudula. Kampaniyo idakhazikitsidwa ndi John Harris, bambo yemwe adapeza njira yodulira ndi kuwotcherera ndi oxyacetylene. "Chifukwa chake tikuyang'ananso maphunziro odula zitsulo," adatero Coleman. "Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe tapeza posachedwa ndi Burny Kaliburn, wopanga makina odula kwambiri a plasma," adawonjezera. "Pakadali pano, titha kupereka kudula kwa lawi lamoto, kudula kwa plasma m'manja, makina a CNC apakompyuta, matanthauzo apamwamba a plasma ndi makina odulira laser."
"Tikudutsa nthawi yosangalatsa chifukwa chakukwera kwakukulu kwa zida zowotcherera," adatero Coleman. "Zidazo zasinthidwa kuchoka pa transformer/rectifier based system kupita ku inverter based system for angapo process with different waveforms," ​​anawonjezera. "Kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu kuti akwaniritse bwino mawonekedwe a aluminiyamu GMAW arc atengedwa kupita kumlingo watsopano ku Lincoln Electric ndi zomwe timatcha ukadaulo wowongolera ma waveform," adawonjezera.
Opanga akatswiri ambiri amasankha arc yomwe amakonda kuti agwiritse ntchito posintha mawonekedwe a makinawo kapena mawonekedwe ake. Chip Foose ali pano kuti awonetsere kamera.
“Mulingo wotsatira” womwe Coleman akutchula ndi ukadaulo wa Lincoln Electric, womwe umalola makina owotcherera kuti amvetsetse zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito kapena owalemba ntchito akuganiza za kuwotcherera kwapamwamba pa pulogalamu inayake.
"Makina amatha kudziwa ndendende zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amawona kuti ndi chowotcherera chovomerezeka, ndiyeno amatha kuwunika momwe amawotcherera potengera zomwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amapangira," akufotokoza Coleman.
Tekinoloje yowongolera ma waveform iyi komanso mawonekedwe "ofotokozedwa ndi ogwiritsa" omwe amapereka atha kupezeka mu pulogalamu yomangidwa mu Lincoln Power Wave Inverter Power Supplies. Power Wave imapezeka ndi ma waveform omwe adakonzedweratu kuti azitha kuwotcherera aluminiyamu, kapena mainjiniya amatha kupanga ma waveform awo pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Lincoln Wave Designer. Ma waveform opangidwa ndi PC awa amatha kusinthidwa kukhala Power Wave.
M'mbuyomu, kuwongolera ma wavelengths sikunali vuto kapena njira. Kamnyamata amayang'ana bambo ake (John Taylor) akukonzekera kukonzedwa ndi makina ake owotchera gasi pa famu ya Lawrence ndi John Taylor mu Disembala 1949.
Kutha kuwongolera ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe a ma wave kumathandizira ma welders kuti aziwongolera ma aloyi achitsulo osiyanasiyana kuti atsimikizire kulumikizana kolimba. "Izi zili kutali ndi Lincoln Electric welder yoyamba yomwe inali kukula kwa Pinto ndipo inagwiritsa ntchito electrode yolimba yopanda kanthu," adatero Coleman.
Makina odulira plasma a Lincoln Electric a Tomahawk ndi gawo lofunikira pazatsopano zaposachedwa pakupanga zitsulo ndi kudula.
Kuwongolera kwa Waveform kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zodziwikiratu pa liwiro laulendo, mawonekedwe omaliza a weld weld, kuyeretsa pambuyo pa weld, ndi kuchuluka kwa utsi wowotcherera. Mwachitsanzo, pa gawo lochepa la aluminium 0.035-inch, ogwiritsa ntchito angagwiritse ntchito teknoloji ya Waveform kuti achepetse kutentha, kuchepetsa kupotoza, kuthetsa spatter, kuthetsa mikwingwirima yozizira, ndi kuthetsa kutentha. Izi zachitika mobwerezabwereza m'mapulogalamu omwe angapindule ndi pulsed GMAW. Mapulogalamu owotcherera amatha kupangidwa kuti azithamanga kwambiri pama liwiro ndi mafunde a waya, kapena amatha kupangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi makulidwe ambiri azinthu komanso kuthamanga kwamagetsi osiyanasiyana.
Pangani mizere 12 inchi. Mapaipi a gasi wachilengedwe ku bwalo la KMA ku Wichita Falls, Texas, October 1938. Ntchitoyi inachitikira paoloke la mtsinje kuti pakhale njira yosonkhanitsira pakati pa zitsime zina ndi fakitale yong’amba ya Phillips Oil.
Techalloy, kampani ina ya Lincoln Electric, imakhala ku Maryland ndipo imapanga zowotcherera za nickel ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zamakina otulutsa mpweya wamagalimoto, kutentha kwambiri komanso kuteteza dzimbiri m'mafakitale amankhwala ndi mankhwala, ndikukonza ndi kukonza m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi. . Zogulitsa zamakampani zimatengedwa ngati mulingo wamakampani opanga magetsi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zanyukiliya. Techalloy imasunga malo ake otsogola ngati ogulitsa zolimba zopangira magetsi. Pamene opanga ma automaker amatembenukira kuzitsulo zina kapena zatsopano zazitsulo, Techalloy yabweretsa zinthu zatsopano kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za opanga kuwotcherera.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazitsulo imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aloyi iliyonse ikhale yabwino pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale imatha kuwotcherera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ndi kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwazitsulo ndi zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono pamsika, zosakaniza zonse zazitsulo zimatha kukonzedwa bwino. Lincoln Electric imathandizira ma welders kukhala patsogolo paukadaulo ndi zida zosinthidwa komanso njira zaposachedwa zophunzitsira. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zogwirira ntchito ndi Lincoln Electric kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe ndizomwe zimayendetsa kampani masiku ano.
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